blanch(2) (iou) and reduce (iou)

blanch(2) (iou)

blanch verb1. . ME.
[Old & mod. French blanchir, formed as BLANCH adjective, noun, & adverb.]
verb trans. Make white, esp. by withdrawing colour; bleach. ME.
Keats Blanched linen, smooth and lavendered. T. S. Eliot The hedgerow Is blanched..with transitory blossom Of snow.
verb trans. Peel (almonds etc.), esp. by scalding. Now also, cook (Vegetables or meat) lightly in boiling water. LME.
verb trans. Palliate by misrepresentation. (Foll. by over.) Long rare. M16.
Milton To blanch and varnish her deformities.
verb trans. Make pale with cold, fear, hunger, etc. E17.
verb trans. Whiten (plants) by depriving them of light. M17.
verb intrans. Turn white; bleach; pale. M18.

reduce (iou)

reduce verb. LME.
[Latin reducere bring back, restore, formed as RE- + ducere lead, bring.]
I. verb trans.
a. Bring back, recall (a thing or person) to one's memory or mind. LME-E17.
b. Bring back, recall (the mind, thoughts, etc.) to or from a subject. LME-E18.
Bring (a person or thing) back to or from a place, person, way of behaving, etc. Also foll. by from, into, to. LME-E18.
Take back or refer (a thing) to its origin, author, etc. LME-M17.
Restore (a condition, quality, etc.). Long rare or obsolete. LME.
Surgery. Restore (a dislocated, fractured, etc., part) to the proper position. LME.
b. Adjust, set (a dislocation or fracture). M19.
Lead (a person) away from or from error in action or belief, esp. in matters of morality or Religion; restore to faith or truthfulness. LME-L18.
a. Bring (a person or thing) to or into a certain state or condition. Also, restore to a former state. LME-M18.
b. Influence (a person) towards some belief or opinion. M16-E18.
c. Put (a theory etc.) to, into practice. Now rare. E17.
a. Adapt (a thing) to a purpose. LME-E17.
b. Astronomy. Adapt or correct (an observation) to a particular place or point. Now rare or obsolete. M17.
a. Put into another language; translate. LME-L16.
b. Set down in Writing; record in a map. L15-E17.
a. Turn to or convert into a different physical state; esp. break down, crush to powder etc. LME.
F. King Potatoes..cooked so long that they have been reduced to a watery flour.
b. Metallurgy. Convert (ore or oxide) into metal; smelt. M18.
c. Chemistry. Orig., decompose or resolve (a compound) into a simpler compound or its constituent elements. Now, cause to combine with hydrogen or to undergo reduction; add an electron to, lower the oxidation number of, (an atom). Opp. OXIDIZE. M18.
d. Break up (soil) into fine particles. M18.
Bring together; confine, fit into a small space. LME.
Change, bring down, or simplify to a specified or smaller amount, or to a single thing; boil so as to concentrate (a liquid, sauce, etc.). Also, assign to a certain class; put in a certain order or arrangement. L15.
C. Lucas The rules..were..reduced to the just order in which they now stand. E. A. Ross We cannot reduce the whole man to a 'cell' in a 'social organism'. Connoisseur Reducing the broths to the bases for his sauces that evening.
a. Bring to order etc. by compulsion; force into obedience, constrain. L15.
John Boyle His first step, was to reduce to reason..his reverend brethren.
b. Law. Bring (a thing or right) into possession. M18.
Scots Law. Rescind, revoke, annul (a deed, decree, etc.) by judicial order. L15.
a. Bring (a person or place) under control; subdue, conquer; spec. capture (a town, fortress, etc.); compel to surrender. (Foll. by into, under.) Long rare. L15.
b. Overcome, repress, moderate (a desire, temper, etc.). M17-E18.
a. Change into or to a certain form or character. Now rare. L16.
b. Put into, or commit to, Writing. Now rare. M17.
a. Math. Change (a number or quantity) into or to a lower denomination or unit. L16.
b. Change (a quantity, figure, etc.) into or to a different form. L16.
c. Resolve by analysis. Foll. by to. M19.
Logic. Bring (a syllogism) into a different but equivalent form, esp. into one of the moods of the first figure. L16.
a. Bring down to an unsatisfactory, undesirable, or helpless condition, a state of hardship, etc. L16.
J. Buchan He..flung..his suits before me, for my own had been pretty well reduced to rags. L. Strachey The ducal family were reduced to beggary. P. Lively The physical shock reduced her almost to tears.
b. In pass. Be compelled by need or hardship to do something. L17.
J. Gross He was reduced to asking..for help finding work.
c. Weaken physically. M18.
d. Photography. Decrease the density of (a negative or print). L19.
Bring down to a lower rank or position; demote. M17.
reduce to the ranks demote (a non-commissioned officer) to the rank of private.
Military. Break up, disband (an army or regiment). Long rare or obsolete. E18.
a. Lower, diminish, cut down in size or amount (to); make lower in price, lessen the cost of. L18.
M. Frayn The smoke..reduced her vision..further. G. Greene Our speed was practically reduced to walking-pace. Broadcast Staffing..is to be reduced to the bare minimum.
b. Phonetics. Articulate (a speech sound) in a way requiring less muscular effort; form (a vowel) in a more central articulatory position; weaken. L19.
II. verb intrans.
a. Become less or limited. Also, become more concentrated, come down to. E19.
C. Conran Allow the gravy to boil and reduce (leaving roughly two tablespoons per person). African Affairs The number of..white farmers may have reduced by..50 per cent.
b. Lose weight, slim. E20.
Chemistry. Undergo reduction. M20.
reduceable adjective = REDUCIBLE L16-L18.
reduceless adjective (rare) incapable of reduction M19.
reducer noun a person who or thing which reduces something; spec. (a) Chemistry = reducing agent below; (b) Photography a chemical used to reduce the density of a print or negative; (c) Printing an additive used with ink to make it run more freely: E16.
reducing ppl adjective that reduces something or undergoes reduction;
reducing agent (Chemistry), a substance that brings about reduction by undergoing oxidation and loss of electrons;
reducing sugar (Chemistry), a sugar which reduces copper(II) to copper(I) salts in Fehling's solution or similar test solutions (indicating the presence of an aldehyde group): M18.

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