dumb(1) (iou) and immunization, anthrax (medicine)

dumb(1) (iou)

dumb adjective & noun.
[Old English dumb = OFris, Old Saxon dumb (Dutch dom) stupid, Old High German tumb stupid, deaf (German dumm stupid), Old Norse dumbr, Gothic dumbs mute. In sense 4 prob. reinforced by German dumm, Dutch dom.]
A. adjective.
Lacking the faculty of speech, either abnormally (in humans) or normally (in Other animals and things). OE.
(as) dumb as a beetle, (as) dumb as a stone, etc.
b. Temporarily deprived of speech by surprise, shock, grief, or fear. Chiefly in strike dumb. ME.
c. Inarticulate; having no voice in government etc. M19.
Not emitting or accompanied by sound; silent, mute; drowned out. OE.
Shelley Its thunder made the cataracts dumb. Tennyson The streets are dumb with snow.
b. Of an action, an expression, etc.: performed or made without speech. M16.
Dickens Pleasant answered with a short dumb nod. G. Greene He was aware..of her dumb approval.
Persistently silent; taciturn; reticent. ME.
Shakespeare Hamlet This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him.
Stupid, ignorant, foolish. ME.
D. Hammett I'm not dumb enough to fall for that.
b. Of a computer terminal: not having independent data-processing capability. Opp. INTELLIGENT adjective. L20.
Meaningless, senseless. Now rare. M16.
Tyndale The byshop of Rome..with his domme traditions.
Lacking some expected quality, feature, or accessory. Usu. attrib. (as in some special collocations below). L16.
b. absol. as noun. A dumb person. Long chiefly collect. pl., the dumb people as a class. OE.
Special collocations & comb.: deaf and dumb: see DEAF adjective & noun. dumb ague arch. malarial fever without clearly-defined episodic attacks. dumb animal an animal regarded pityingly or contemptuously as without speech. dumb-ass adjective (N. Amer. colloq.) stupid, brainless. dumb barge: without means of propulsion. dumb blond, dumb blonde a pretty but stupid blond person (usu. female). dumb cane a W. Indian plant, Dieffenbachia seguine, of the arum family, with an acrid juice which swells the tongue and destroys the power of speech. dumb chum joc. = dumb friend below. dumb cluck slang a stupid person, a blockhead. dumb crambo: see CRAMBO 2. dumb friend joc. a domestic animal. dumbhead slang a stupid person, a blockhead. dumb-iron either of a pair of curved side-members of a motor-vehicle chassis, joining it to the front springs. dumb nettle = dead-nettle s.v. DEAD adjective. dumb ox colloq. a stupid, awkward, or taciturn person (the dumb ox St Thomas Aquinas). dumb peal a muffled peal of bells. dumb piano a set of piano keys for exercising the fingers. dumb play = dumb show (b) below. dumb sheave Nautical a sheaveless block having a hole for a rope to be rove through. dumb show (a) in early drama, a part of a play acted without words, exhibiting additional action or simply emblematical; (b) significant action without speech; an instance of this. dumbstricken, dumbstruck adjectives rendered temporarily speechless. dumb waiter a movable table, esp. with revolving shelves, for use in a dining-room; a small lift for conveying Food, tableware, etc.
dumbly adverb M16.
dumbness noun the quality or condition of being dumb, inability to speak (deaf-dumbness: see DEAF adjective & noun) LME.

immunization, anthrax (medicine)

immunization, anthrax

A series of six shots over six months and booster shots annually, the anthrax vaccine now in use in the usa was first developed in the 1950s and approved by the Food and drug administration for General use in 1970. It is produced by the michigan biologic products institute of michigan's department of Health and is given routinely to veterinarians and others working with livestock. In december, 1997 it was announced that all us military would receive the vaccine, as do the military in the uk and russia, the reason being concern that anthrax might be used in biologic warfare.

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