See Also: gleisation(medicine)

maintain (iou) and gleisation (medicine)


maintain (iou)



maintain verb. ME.
[Repr. tonic stem of Old & mod. French maintenir (Anglo-Norman maintener) from Proto-Romance, from Latin manu abl. of manus hand + tenere hold.]
verb trans. Practise habitually (a good, bad, etc., action); observe (a rule, a custom). ME-E17.
Bible (AV): Titus 3:14 Let ours also learne to maintaine good workes..that they be not unfruitfull.
verb trans.
a. Carry on or prosecute (a war, siege, etc.). Also, have ground for sustaining (an action at law). ME.
Dryden Long the doubtful Combat they maintain. Law Times To maintain an action of deceit there must be moral delinquency..of the person proceeded against. W. S. Churchill Britain had found herself alone against Napoleon and for two years..maintained the struggle single-handed.
b. gen. Go on with, continue, persevere in (an undertaking); (occas.) go on with the use of (something). LME-M16.
c. Preserve or retain (friendly relations, correspondence, a particular attitude, etc.). E17.
Disraeli Lady Annabel for some time maintained complete silence. W. Cather Even after their misfortunes..she had maintained her old reserve.
verb trans. Cause to continue (a state of affairs, a condition, an activity, etc.); keep vigorous, effective, or unimpaired; guard from loss or deterioration. ME.
N. Chomsky Prince Sihanouk managed to maintain neutrality. Christian Aid News The..soldiers have maintained their reputation and discipline.
verb trans. Orig., secure the continuance of (a possession) to a person; secure (a person) in continued possession of property. Later, cause to continue in a specified state, relation, or position. ME.
W. B. Carpenter The limb was maintained in this state of tension for several seconds.
verb trans. Give one's support to, defend, uphold, (a cause, something established, one's side or interest, etc.). ME.
Milton Who single hast maintaind Against revolted multitudes the Cause Of Truth. Burke The king swears he will maintain..'the laws of God'.
verb trans.
a. Uphold, stand by, support the cause of, (a person, party, etc.); defend, protect, assist; support or uphold in (an action, a course of behaviour). Also foll. by to do. arch. ME.
Shakespeare 2 Henry VI Jesu maintain your royal excellence! S. R. Gardiner James was still ready to maintain Somerset against his ill-willers in public.
b. Law (now Hist.). Give support to (a party in litigation) without lawful cause. E18.
verb trans. Hold, keep, defend (a place, a position, a possession, oneself) against hostility or attack, actual or threatened. ME.
T. Gray An Iron race the mountain cliffs maintain. L. Griffin Our..support..enabled Abdur Rahman Khan to maintain himself against his many enemies.
verb trans. Support or uphold in speech or argument; defend (an opinion, statement, etc.); assert the truth or validity of. Also, affirm, assert, or contend (that); assert (something to be). ME.
Hobbes The doctrines maintained by so many Preachers. B. Jowett Pleasure and pain I maintain to be the first perceptions of children. G. Vidal Constantius maintained that there was a plot against his life.
verb trans.
a. Support (one's state in life) by expenditure etc. Also, sustain (life) by nourishment. ME.
C. Cotterell The narrowness of his fortune could not maintain the greatness of his Birth. B. C. Brodie Food is required because life cannot be maintained without it.
b. Bear the expense of, afford. LME-E17.
Shakespeare Taming of Shrew What 'cerns it you if I wear pearl and gold?..I am able to maintain it.
verb trans. Keep in good order, rule, (a people, a country); preserve in a state of peace, etc. LME-M17.
Bible (Coverdale): Ecclesiasticus 38:32 Without these maye not the cities be manteyned.
verb refl. Bear or conduct oneself in a specified manner. Also, continue in an action or state; keep oneself in a specified state. LME-E17.
Bacon Great men..were better to maintaine themselves indifferent and neutrall.
verb trans.
a. Provide (oneself, one's family, etc.) with means of subsistence or the necessaries of life; bear the living, educational, etc., expenses of (a person). LME.
Henry Fielding I believe you bred the young man up, and maintained him at the university. G. P. R. James Sufficient to maintain me in comfort and independence as a gentleman.
b. Provide for the keep of (an animal). L16-L17.
c. Give a drug to (an individual, esp. a drug addict) in periodic doses sufficient to sustain its effect on the body. M20.
Science A program..to maintain at least 20,000 addicts on methadone.
verb trans.
a. Pay for the upkeep of; provide means for the equipment of (a garrison etc.); keep (a road, a building, etc.) in repair; take action to preserve (a machine etc.) in working order. LME.
Bible (AV): 1 Esdras 4:52 Tenne talents yeerely, to maintaine the burnt offerings vpon the Altar every day. Defoe Strong forts erected..and strong garrisons maintained in them. E. Roosevelt Historic houses that the owners could no longer afford to maintain.
b. Provide the means for conducting (a suit or action at law). Cf. senses 2a, 6b above. M16.
verb trans. Stand for, represent. rare. Only in L16.
Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost This side is Hiems, Winter,..maintained by the Owl.
maintained adjective that has been maintained;
maintained school, a school supported from public funds: M20.
maintainment noun (long rare or obsolete) L15.

gleisation (medicine)


gleisation
<ecology> A process in saturated or nearly saturated soils which involves the reduction of iron, its segregation into mottles and concretions, or its removal by leaching from the gleyed horizon.