retain (iou) and paternal (medicine)

retain (iou)

retain verb. LME.
[Anglo-Norman retei(g)n- repr. tonic stem of Old & mod. French retenir from Proto-Romance from Latin retinere, formed as RE- + tenere hold.]
I. verb trans.
a. Restrain; hold back, stop; prevent, hinder. LME-M18.
b. Orig., keep in custody or under control. Later, keep in place, hold fixed. Freq. as retaining ppl adjective. M16.
retaining wall a wall supporting or confining a mass of earth or water.
A. Henry Skin, which alone retained his hand to his arm.
a. Entertain, give hospitality to. rare. LME-L16.
b. Keep attached to one's person or engaged in one's service. LME.
Scholarly Publishing Consultants had to be retained to redesign it.
c. Orig. gen., (rare) engage, hire. Later spec., secure the Services of (esp. a barrister) by engagement and preliminary payment. M16.
retaining fee a fee paid to secure the Services of someone, esp. a barrister.
J. Barth The nurses and the minister retained separate attorneys. A. Hailey The firm had been retained on the advice of..lawyers.
a. Keep hold or possession of; continue to have, keep, or possess. LME.
W. Cobbett It seems to me to..retain the water. M. Stott Michael Foot's failure to retain the Leadership.
b. Continue to use, practise, or recognize. M16.
B. Jowett Better..to retain the order in which Plato..has arranged this. P. P. Read Authority he still retained from the old days.
c. Allow to remain or prevail; preserve. E19.
retained object rare (Grammar) an object of a passive verb. retained profit profit retained in a business as opp. to being distributed to owners or shareholders.
Lytton To this day are retained the massive walls.
Keep or bear in mind; remember. L15.
H. Wace Unable to retain any but the simplest thought. A. Brookner They both retained a happy memory of..Toto.
II. verb intrans.
Refrain from something. M16-E17.
Adhere, belong, be attached to. M16-E18.
Remember. L16.
E. B. Titchener The quick learner appears to retain as well as the slow.
Continue, remain. rare. Only in M17.
retaina'bility noun ability to be retained M19.
retainable adjective (a) (of a court action) able to be heard; (b) able to be retained: LME.
retainment noun (a) the action or an act of retaining something; retention; (b) Entertainment, maintenance: LME.

paternal (medicine)

paternal

1. Of or pertaining to a father; fatherly; showing the disposition of a father; guiding or instructing as a father; as, paternal care. "Under paternal rule."

2. Received or derived from a father; hereditary; as, a paternal estate. "Their small paternal field of corn." (Dryden) Paternal government, the assumption by the governing power of a quasi-fatherly relation to the people, involving strict and intimate supervision of their business and social concerns, upon the theory that they are incapable of managing their own afffairs.

Origin: L. Paternus, fr. Pater a father: cf. F. Paternel. See Father.

Source: Websters Dictionary

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