overshoot (medicine) and never (oh)

overshoot (medicine)

overshoot

1. Generally, any initial change, in response to a sudden step change in some factor, that is greater than the steady-state response to the new level of that factor; common in systems in which inertia or a time lag in negative feedback outweighs any damping that may be present. Changes in a negative direction are sometimes distinguished by the term undershoot, and the two may alternate in an oscillatory Fashion, as in the transient oscillations of a pendulum when released from an initial displacement.

2. Momentary reversal of the membrane potential of a cell (inside becoming positive rather than negative relative to the outside) during an action potential; considered a form of overshoot because, before discovery of overshoot, excitation was thought merely to depolarise the membrane to zero transmembrane potential.

never (oh)

[Language: Old English; Origin: nAfre, from ne- 'not' + Afre 'ever']
not at any time, or not once
::He's never been to Australia.
::I'm never going back there again, not as long as I live.
:: It is never too late to give up smoking.
Never had/did/was etc
::Never had she been so confused.
never ever
(=used to emphasize what you are saying)
::I'll never ever forgive him for leaving me.
:: Never again (=never after a particular time) would he return to Naples.
never in all my life
(=used to emphasize how bad something was)
::Never in all my life have I felt so humiliated.
never for one moment
(=used to emphasize that you never thought something)
::She had never for one moment imagined that it could happen to her.
sb/sth has never been known to do sth
(=used to say that something is strange because it has never happened before)
::Max had never been known to leave Home without telling anyone.
you never know
spoken used to say that something which seems unlikely may happen
::Try it! You never know, you might be lucky.
I never knew (that)
spoken used to mean that you did not know something until now
::I never knew you played the guitar!
never so much as
used to emphasize that someone did not do something, especially when this seems surprising
::I do everything for him, and he's never so much as made me a cup of coffee.
that would/will never do
spoken used to say that you would not want something to happen
::Someone might discover our secret and that would never do.
never!
BrE spoken used when you are very surprised by something
::'They're getting married next month.' 'Never!'
::He's never going to cycle all the way to Manchester!
:: Well I never! I wouldn't have thought she was that old!
(no) I never!
BrE spoken used to say that you did not do something bad that someone has said you did. Many teachers think this is not correct English
::'You cheated, didn't you?' 'No, I never.'
never say never
informal used to say that you should not say that you will never do something, because there is always a small possibility that you might do it
never say die
used to encourage someone not to give up
never fear
spoken old-fashioned used to tell someone not to worry
::She'll be back, never fear.
-see also never the twain shall meet at twain (2)
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HINT sense 1
Do not use another negative word (e.g. 'not') with never. Use ever with not: I've never seen her. | I haven't ever seen her.

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